Penggunaan Model Berstruktur Linear Dalam Pembinaan Indeks Kualiti Hidup di Malaysia

Abstract

Persamaan berstruktur linear atau Linear Structural Relation (LISREL) telah diterapkan bagi mengkaji hubungan di antara pembolehubah tercerap dengan pembolehubah terpendam yang mencerminkan tahap kualiti hidup (KH). Pembentukan model pengukuran dan model berstruktur telah dapat menjelaskan hubungkait di antara pembolehubah tercerap dengan pembolehubah terpendam dan di antara pembolehubah terpendam dengan pembolehubah terpendam. Sebanyak lima belas pembolehubah yang mewakili tiga faktor telah diambilkira dalam pengiraan indeks kualiti hidup (IKH) iaitu faktor sosio ekonomi, faktor struktur demografi dan faktor bentuk keluarga. Satu contoh pengiraan indeks telah dipersembahkan dan akhir sekali nilai IKH berasaskan tiga faktor disenaraikan mengikut daerah dan negeri. Didapati 59.5\% daerah di Semenanjung berada di bawah tahap min, manakala Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur mencatatkan indeks tertinggi dan negeri Kedah mencatatkan indeks paling rendah. Keywords: Model LISREL; Indeks Kualiti Hidup Linear structural relation or LISREL has been adopted to check the relationship between observable variables and latent variables, which reflect to the quality of life. The formation of measurement model and structural model has been able to explain the relation between observable variable and latent variables and between latent variables and latent variables. As many as 15 variables which represent three factors have been taken into consideration in the measurement of quality of life (QOL) index, i.e. socioeconomic factor, demography structure factor and family size formation factor. An example of index measurement has been presented and lastly the QOL index based on three factors is listed according to district and state. It has been found that 59.5\% of the districts in Peninsular are below the minimum level, whereas the Federal Territory is at the highest index and Kedah records the lowest index. Katakunci: LISREL Model; Quality of Life Index